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Swimming With Cilia
Like most microswimmers, these Synura uvella algae use cilia to swim. Cilia are tiny, hair-like appendages that flap to produce thrust. Even under a microscope, the cilia are hard to see because they are so thin and move quickly in and out of the microscope's narrow focus. (Video and image credit: L. Cesteros; via Nikon Small World in Motion) Read the full article
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Ciliary Pathlines
For tiny creatures, swimming through water requires techniques very different than ours. Many, like this sea urchin larva, use hair-like cilia that they beat to push fluid near their bodies. The flows generated this way are beautiful and complex. (Image credit: B. Shrestha et al.) Read the full article
Synchronizing Cilia
Just like human swimmers, microswimmers have to coordinate their motion to swim. But unlike humans, swimmers like the freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii doesn't have a brain to help it synchronize its cilia. (Image credit: top - J. Larson, others - Y. Xia et al.; research credit: Y. Xia et al.; via APS Physics) Read the full article
The Best of FYFD 2023
A fresh year means a look back at what was popular last year on FYFD. Usually, I give a numeric list of the top 10 posts, but this year the analytics weren't as clear. So, instead, I'm combining from a few different sources and presenting an unordered list of some of the site's most popular content. (Image credits: sphinx - S. Boury et al., ear model - S. Kim et al., maze - S. Mould, dandelion - S. Chaudhry, water tank - P. Ammon, e. coli - R. Ran et al., drop impact - R. Sharma et al., Leidenfrost - L. Gledhill, toilet - J. Crimaldi et al., engine sim - N. Wimer et al., rivers - D. Coe, fin - F. Weston, snake - P. Schmid, nebula - J. Drudis and C. Sasse, flames - C. Almarcha et al.) Read the full article
Despite their microscopic size, many plankton undertake a daily migration that covers tens of meters in depth. As they journey, they must contend with currents, turbulence, and other flows that could knock them off-course. (Image credit: Picturepest/Flickr; research credit: R. Bearon and W. Durham)
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What happens when a flow meets swimming micro-organisms? Does the flow affect the swimmers? And how do the swimmers affect the flow in turn? Those are the questions behind the experiment seen here. (Image and research credit: R. Ran et al.; see also 1 and 2)
Plankton -- microscopic creatures with often limited swimming abilities -- can face daily journeys of hundreds of vertical meters in the ocean. That's a daunting prospect for any tiny swimmer. (Image credit: top - B. de Kort, illustration - R. Monthiller et al.; research credit: R. Monthiller et al.; via APS Physics)
For many microswimmers, like bacteria or spermatozoa, swimming through common fluids is like moving through mud. Unless they can produce enough thrust to overcome a fluid's yield-stress, they are effectively stuck in a solid. (Image credit: SwedishStockPhotos; research credit: F. Nazari et al.; via APS Physics)
