The stomach is a hollow organ located just inferior to the diaphragm in the left part of the abdominal cavity. Located between the esophagus and the duodenum.
Its main function is of secretion of acid and digestive juices, digestion of nutrients and Hormonal control.
Common Diseases of Stomach are :
Peptic ulcers form when acid erodes the lining of the digestive tract. This can happen when there is excess acid in the system, or when the protective layer of mucus on the lining is broken down.
There are two major causes of peptic ulcers, bacterial infection and the use of pain relievers called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs). NSAIDs include aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen.
H. pylori infection – Helicobacter pylori is a type of bacteria that lives in the digestive tract. H. pylori is very common; some data suggest that it is present in approximately 50 percent of people
This bacteria can cause the following, all of which can contribute to peptic ulcer formation:
An increase in the amount of acid in the stomach and small intestine
Inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract
A breakdown of the protective mucous layer
NSAIDs – The use of NSAIDs can also cause peptic ulcers in some people. They are commonly used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation. Many people also take low-dose aspirin daily to prevent heart attack or stroke.
NSAIDs can cause changes in the protective mucous layer of the digestive tract, leading to ulcers in some people. The risk of ulcer formation depends on multiple factors, including the NSAID type, dose, and duration of use.
Genetics likely play a role,
People who smoke cigarettes are more likely than nonsmokers to develop peptic ulcers.
Upper abdominal pain or discomfort (often a burning or hunger-like feeling)
Feeling full quickly when eating
Stomach pain, belching, or feeling bloated after eating
Vomiting (in severe cases, there may be blood in the vomit)
Blood in the stools (which may cause stool to appear black or tar-like)
Upper endoscopy – An upper endoscopy is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube is inserted into the mouth and down the throat. The tube has a light and a tiny camera on the end that projects images from within the digestive tract onto a monitor.
Ulcers can often be diagnosed through upper endoscopy. A small sample of tissue, called a biopsy, can also be taken to check for abnormal cells, cancer, or an infection with H. pylori.
Barium swallow – In some cases, a barium swallow may be done. This involves drinking a thick substance containing barium while X-rays are taken; the barium allows the digestive tract to be seen more clearly. This procedure is less common than endoscopy for diagnosing ulcers, but may be appropriate for some patients.
H. pylori testing – Anyone with a confirmed peptic ulcer should be tested for H. pylori so that the infection, if present, can be treated.
Treatment of Acid peptic disease includes use of drugs which decreases acid secretion, drugs which improves the mucosal barrier function and helps in healing of ulcer. Your doctor can suggest better medicine for acid peptic disease.
H. Pylori infection of the stomach requires H. Pylori eradication medicine which includes antibiotics as well acid suppressive medicines.
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