#lorentz force

Anita Mui In Anita: What Made Her A Hong Kong Super Superstar: 1963-2003

What makes a superstar? The answer is hungry. Most people are hungry, but not hungry enough. Superstars, first and foremost, are self-driven with Lorentz force to succeed. They are assertive and aggressive. Hard work and sacrifice run in the blood.

A superstar is born with natural charms. He or she has the unconquerable stealth to captivate others by connecting emotionally.

We are drawn to superstars. We cannot get enough of them. For the superstars in Hong Kong, there were 2, Leslie Cheung (張國榮) who died in April 2003 and Anita Mui (梅艷芳) who also died in December of the same year, that we are never able to pinpoint what single aspect making them so powerfully enthralling, but they spiritually stay with us forever.

Leslie and Anita were overwhelmingly popular in Asia in the 80s. They were good friends and often together. They sang and acted like inborn teammates surreptitiously admiring each other. One should not miss their best film made in 1988 called Rouge (胭脂扣) in which a handsome rich young man and a mesmerizing girl prostitute fell in love but as they stood against the world, suicide became the sad option for them. Leslie got a very good boyfriend but for some reason that nobody could explain, he jumped down from a hotel at the age of 46. Contrastingly, Anita wanted love despairingly but she could get none. She died alone of cervical cancer at the age of 40. Life is a situation in which there is a weird force of nature that we cannot run away.

Anita (梅艷芳) is a 2021 Hong Kong biographical film about this Cantopop superstar Anita Mui directed by my junior schoolmate of Ying Wa College Longman Leung, telling in fine details her heart-rending life from childhood until her last moments. The film features an ensemble cast inclusive of Louis Koo and Gordon Lam in supporting roles. Production of the biopic started as early as in 2010s when Bill Kong, president of Edko Films, bravely decided to invest in this unusual project to commemorate his unforgettable friend Mui’s eventful existence. It took 6 years or more to finish such an intensively charming historical figure’s drama. Luckily, the film has nabbed the top spot at the Asian box office. Longman told me, “Pain is the first path to accomplishing. To make such a nostalgic film, years of research had to be spent on the fact-finding of stories, characters, costume, makeup, props, music and street scenes. Oh, my god!”

Not having a husband, Anita’s mother, who was an entertainment manager, took the 4-year-old Anita and her elder sister to sing in a local amusement park called Lai Yuen in the 1960s. Anita received no formal education. A long succession of boring days and nights of singing made her nobody. In 1982, when Anita was 18, she won a TV singing contest organized by the biggest station HKTVB because of her exceptionally attractive performance. She got an adorable voice which is low-pitched, unisex, dramatic and confident, and soon became a delight in the sweeping speed of 2 years that people in Hong Kong were in awe of. She was the Asia’s counterpart of Madonna enjoying the same degree of popularity. She honestly admitted that the need for a personable and greater man was like a fire that she could not put out. Pitiably, she was defeated by love, either due to being mismatched or bad timing, again, again and again…. All her love stories, together with supporting juicy photos, were talks of the town.

Her region-wide story is her secret date with the top singer in Japan Masahiko Kondo(近藤真彦) around 1984 and Masahiko did turn up in Anita’s funeral to bid farewell in 2004. The other piece of news which was hot off the press was her quarrel with a man of mysterious background and the incident deteriorated into the mysterious murder of 2 men apparently involved in it. This unhappy conflict fatalistically marks her gravity gradually downslope in the singing career. Anita thus switched to devote more time to serving the community and performing industries as a volunteer. She was the Chairman of Hong Kong Performing Artistes Guild.

I had been the Honourary Legal Advisor of the Guild for many years ago and so worked with Anita. She talked about business slowly and softly. She fixed her eyes on yours firmly and never wavered her belief. She celebrated many evening parties in her huge house but I, of course, was not adequately good to be invited.

It was said that the most important tool that one has in his entire arsenal is integrity. In matters of principle, Anita Mui always stood like a rock. Her natural leadership is the charisma of getting all of us to do good things that she wanted done. I really would like to tell you more about Anita but I do need a long memory. Thanks to the touching movie Anita for reminding me of beautiful things that I missed out and took up such memories with the present Hong Kong. Alas, Hong Kong is not the same anymore; but I love being in a city with good weather.

MLee

Chinese Version 中文版: https://www.patreon.com/posts/mei-yan-fang-yu-59082982?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copy_to_clipboard&utm_campaign=postshare

“Anita” Movie Trailer  https://youtu.be/RBttfe-bXI4  Acknowledgement-888LAB

Anita Mui Music Video  https://youtu.be/bN8SKOZN7c0  Acknowledgement-637 TWS

Anita Mui, Danny Chan, Leslie Cheung and  Roman Tam  https://youtu.be/VTc-6puXcDo  Ackowledgement-monster09gag

Anita Mui Concert  https://youtu.be/CY4Ri9MwDok  Acknowledgment-LoveForAnitaMui

Anita Mui Concert  https://youtu.be/pZmLLbfdt_w  Acknowledgment-GKing Choi

Madonna “Material Girl” MV  https://youtu.be/6p-lDYPR2P8  Acknowledgement-Madonna

Carrie Koo song “Never Ending Love”  https://youtu.be/hSUKoUFy99w  Acknowledgement-Hor Mooi Yit

Introduction:

The study of motion in magnetic fields is an essential concept in electromagnetism and physics. It plays a significant role in various fields such as astrophysics, particle physics, and engineering. Understanding how charged particles behave when exposed to magnetic fields provides insight into phenomena such as the auroras, the working of particle accelerators, and the operation of electrical devices like motors. This topic introduces key principles such as the Lorentz force, the circular and helical motion of particles, and how velocity and magnetic field interact.

In this article, we will explore the fundamental aspects of motion in a magnetic field, focusing on how charged particles move under the influence of the magnetic force, the nature of their trajectories, and applications of these principles in real-world technologies.

Motion of Charged Particles in a Magnetic Field

1. Lorentz Force and Its Effect on Charged Particles

When a charged particle enters a magnetic field, it experiences a force called the Lorentz force. This force acts perpendicular to both the velocity of the particle and the direction of the magnetic field. The Lorentz force can be mathematically represented by the equation:

F = q (v×B)

where:

- F is the magnetic force,

- q is the charge of the particle,

- v (Vector) is the velocity of the particle, and

- B (Vector) is the magnetic field.

The cross product v⃗×B⃗ indicates that the force is always perpendicular to both the particle's velocity and the magnetic field, resulting in a change in the direction of the particle’s motion rather than its speed. This force acts as a centripetal force, causing the charged particle to follow a curved path.

2. Circular Motion of Charged Particles

One of the key effects of a uniform magnetic field on a charged particle is to make it move in a circular path. When a charged particle enters a magnetic field with its velocity perpendicular to the field, the Lorentz force continuously changes the direction of the particle's velocity, resulting in circular motion.

The radius (r) of the circular path can be derived from the balance between the Lorentz force and the centripetal force required for circular motion:

F centripetal​= F Lorentz

mv2​/r}= qvB

Solving for r, we get:

r = mv/qB

where:

- m is the mass of the particle,

- v is the velocity,

- q is the charge, and

- B is the magnetic field strength.

This equation shows that the radius of the circular path is directly proportional to the mass and velocity of the particle and inversely proportional to the magnetic field strength and charge of the particle.

 3. Helical Motion

If a charged particle enters a magnetic field at an angle other than 90 degrees, its motion becomes helical. The velocity of the particle can be split into two components:

- One component parallel to the magnetic field v∥​,

- One component perpendicular to the magnetic field v⊥.

The component v∥​ remains unchanged because the Lorentz force does not affect motion in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the component v⊥ experiences the Lorentz force and results in circular motion.

As a result, the particle traces out a helical path with the following characteristics:

- The radius of the helical path depends on the perpendicular component of the velocity:

  r = mv⊥​​/qB

- The pitch of the helix, i.e., the distance between successive turns along the magnetic field, depends on the parallel component of the velocity and is given by:

Pitch = v∥​.T

  where (T) is the time period of the circular motion.

Read Also: The International System of Units (SI) - Class 11 Physics

4. Time Period and Frequency of Circular Motion

The time period (T) of the circular motion is the time taken for the particle to complete one full revolution around the magnetic field line. This can be derived from the relationship:

T = 2πr​/v

Substituting the expression for the radius (r), we get:

T = 2πm / qB

This shows that the time period depends on the mass of the particle, its charge, and the magnetic field strength, but not on the velocity of the particle.

The frequency (f) of the circular motion, also known as the cyclotron frequency, is the reciprocal of the time period:

f= 1/T = qB / 2πm

The cyclotron frequency is important in the design of devices such as cyclotrons, where charged particles are accelerated using a combination of electric and magnetic fields.

5. Applications of Motion in Magnetic Fields

The motion of charged particles in magnetic fields is not just a theoretical concept but has many practical applications in technology and nature. Some key applications include:

Cyclotron: Cyclotrons use magnetic fields to accelerate charged particles to high speeds in circular orbits. These particles are used in medical therapies, such as cancer treatment, and in nuclear physics experiments.

Magnetic Confinement in Fusion Reactors: In nuclear fusion reactors, such as tokamaks, magnetic fields are used to confine the hot plasma (a collection of charged particles) in a specific region, preventing it from coming into contact with the reactor walls.

Auroras: The auroras (Northern and Southern Lights) are caused by charged particles from the sun being trapped by the Earth's magnetic field. These particles spiral around the magnetic field lines and collide with the atmosphere, producing colorful light displays.

Van Allen Radiation Belts: The Earth's magnetic field traps charged particles from the solar wind, creating radiation belts around the planet. These belts are crucial in protecting life on Earth from harmful cosmic radiation.

Conclusion:

Introduction The magnetic force is the force exerted between magnetic fields and moving charged particles. When a charged particle moves through a magnetic field, it experiences a force perpendicular to both its velocity and the magnetic field. The equation for the magnetic force $F_B$ on a charged particle is given by: $F_B = q(\vec{v} \times \vec{B})$ where: $q$ is the charge of the…

Introduction The Lorentz Force is a fundamental concept in electromagnetism, describing the force experienced by a charged particle moving in an electromagnetic field. It is named after the Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz who first derived the force law. Definition and Equation The Lorentz Force $F$ on a charged particle is given by the vector sum of the electric force and the magnetic force.…

Lorentz force [ロレンツ・フォース] - (physics) the force exerted on a charged particle in an electromagnetic field Named after the Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz.

Lorentz force - (physics) the force exerted on a charged particle in an electromagnetic field

Magnetostatic force and torque

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In Jackson [1], the following equations for the vector potential, magnetostatic force and torque are derived

\begin{equation}\label{eqn:magnetostaticsJacksonNotesForceAndTorque:20} \Bm = \inv{2} \int \Bx’ \cross \BJ(\Bx’) d^3 x’ \end{equation} \begin{equation}\label{eqn:magnetostaticsJacksonNotesForceAndTorque:40} \BF = \spacegrad( \Bm…

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