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Chris Pappan (b. 1971). BREAK FROM TRADITION, 21ST-CENTURY LEDGER DRAWING No. 58. 2012. Antique ledger paper, graphite.
This drawing portrays members of a nineteenth-century Osage delegation that traveled to Washington, DC. Most such tribal delegations were pressing the federal government to uphold their land and treaty rights. Poignantly, Pappan drew this image on paper used to record a real estate transaction.
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Chris Pappan (b. 1971). WAH ZHA ZHE CREATION, 21ST-CENTURY LEDGER DRAWING No. 54. 2012. Antique ledger paper, graphite.
Drawn as solid dots inside circles, stars form the background of this portrait of Chief Bacon Rind, one of the last of the Osage chiefs. The stars reference the Wah Zha Zhe, or Osage, creation story about people stepping down from the stars.
Quoth Wikimedia Commons: “Anonymous ledger drawing of an Arapaho warrior fighting a U.S soldier on horseback. ca. 1880.”
Drawing of a "Thunder Spirit," as imagined by a Black Foot Indian, 19th Century. Drawings such as this were called "ledger drawings," as most of them were done on the pages stripped from ledger notebooks of the time.
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Niles Long Horse
Ledger Drawing, Oglala Sioux, N. Plains, 1890
Colored pencil/paper
7.25 x 11.5 in (18.4 x 29.2 cm)
NLH 2
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Niles Long Horse
Ledger Drawing of Oglala Sioux, N. Plains, 1890
Colored pencil/paper
7.25 x 11.5 in (18.4 x 29.2 cm)
NLH 1
After the United States government forced the tribes of the Great Plains onto reservations in the late 19th century, native artists began painting images on paper, rather than on animal hides. This new material was typically acquired through trade, recycling, or conquest. Known as ledger art, these drawings frequently appear across the ruled lines and numbered pages of new, repurposed, or abandoned account ledger books used by traders and the military.
On view in Lines on the Horizon: Native American Art from the Weisel Family Collection.
Ledger drawing, ca. 1880. Cheyenne (Tsitsitsas). Colored pencil on paper. Gift of the Thomas W. Weisel Family to the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco. 2013.76.128
Lakota Sioux Chief Black Hawk's depiction of a horned Thunder Being (Heyókȟa) on a horse-like creature with eagle talons and buffalo horns. The creature's tail forms a rainbow that represents the entrance to the Spirit World, and the dots represent hail. c.1881. Accompanying the picture on the page were the words: "Dream or vision of himself changed to a destroyer and riding a Buffalo Eagle."
