#galacia

...Yiddish term for a Jew who lived in Galicia, a territory that existed from 1772 to 1918, as one of the crown lands of the Austrian Empire. In addition to the adjective that defines geographical origin, Galitsianer became a cultural identifier bearing, for the most part, negative connotations. Among the stereotypes attributed to the Galitsianer were the following: a troublemaker, a shrewd operator, a money grubber, a religious fanatic, a spineless compromiser, a speaker of popular, vulgar Yiddish, and someone ashamed of his or her origins who liked to pose as an Austrian. Jokes about Galitsianer men and women became very popular; some of these continue to exist despite the fact that Galicia itself disappeared long ago.

From Galitsianer by Rachel Manekin

Translated from Hebrew by Barry D. Walfish

Turquia / Galácia

A Turquia é um país localizado na conjuntura do Sudeste Europeu e da Ásia Ocidental.

Galácia era uma antiga área na Anatólia, correspondendo às províncias de Ancara e Eskişehir, na atual Turquia.

Os gálatas eram descendentes de celtas que haviam invadido a Grécia no século 3 a.C. e consistiam principalmente de tribos gaulesas.

No século 1 d.C., muitos gálatas foram cristianizados pelas atividades missionárias de Paulo, o apóstolo. A Epístola aos Gálatas é dirigida às comunidades cristãs da Galácia e está preservada no Novo Testamento.

Hoje os Gálatas não existem mais, há apenas comunidades de turcos de maior estatura e com cabelo, pele e olhos mais claros.

Turquia

It is likely a staged photograph for propaganda and recruitment purposes. The Officer displays his courage, èlan, and what might be his trench raiding equipment - revolver, gas mask, grenades, bayonet.

In 1914, the Russian Army had advanced on Galacia (southern front - modern day Ukraine), sweeping the Austro-Hungarian Army aside. The Austro-Hungarians lost over 250,000 troops (dead, wounded, captured) to the Russian losses of only 40,000. A humiliation for the AHs.

The Germans couldn't allow this and sent forces to correct this loss - joining with the Austro-Hungarians to create a massive pincer offensive at the start of summer, May 1915. The Russian 11th Army was completely destroyed; Galacia recaptured; and morale returned to the Austro-Hungarian military.

This photograph was probably taken as propaganda to promote the victory at Galacia - and erase from the public memory the humiliation of 1914.

Jewelers at the local spring fest had this flag up. You don't often see the Bretons invuded in stuff like this.