#forensicmultiplechoicequestion

Question- What are the 3 types of photographs that need to be taken at a crime scene?

Answer- all crime scene photography consists of three basic types of photographs: 1.) Overall Photography 2.) Mid-range photography 3.) and, Close-up Photography.

📷 Long Range/Overall Photography: It Provides an overview of the scene establishing the location of the crime, to include addresses, street signs, business names, landmarks, outside and surrounding areas. Indoors, this includes photographs of a room from all four corners to show the layout of the room and furnishings. 📸 Mid-Range Photography: It Provides a view of spatial relationships of items and evidence within the scene.

📷 Close-up Photography: It Provides detailed photographs of individual items of evidence. If possible, should be taken at a 90 degree angle to the subject.

📐Scaled/Comparison Photography: Close-up photographs that include a ruler provide scaled, detailed documentation of individual items of evidence. They are necessary in order to produce an accurate one-to-one photographic reproduction to use for examinations or comparisons. 📏 The scale may be marked with the photographer’s initials and employee number, the LIMS number or offense number, and the date in a way that does not interfere with the markings on the scale.

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Cartridge Cases

📌 Cartridge cases are usually made of brass, a composition of 70% copper and 30% zinc.

📌Less commonly, they are made of steel or aluminum.

📌 Zinc andplastic materials have been used experimentally.

📌 Brass, plastic, and paper are used for shot-shell tubes.

📌 The main function of the cartridge case is to expand and seal the chamber against rearward escape of gases when the cartridge is fired. When a brass cartridge is fired in a weapon, the gas pressure produced by the burning of the propellant expands the case tightly against the walls of the chamber. If the brass is tempered to the correct hardness, it will spring back to approximately its original dimensions and make the case easy to extract. If the brass is too soft, it will not spring back and will make extraction difficult. If the brass is too hard, brittle, it will crack.

👉 There are three general shapes for cartridge cases: 🕵️‍♂️ Straight, 🕵️‍♂️ Bottleneck, 🕵️‍♂️ and, Tapered.

Almost all pistol cartridges are straight, whereas almost all rifle cartridges are bottle-necked. The bottle-neck design permits more powder to be packed in a shorter, fatter cartridge than would be possible in a straight cartridge, where the lumen is approximately the diameter of the bullet. Cartridges with tapered cases are virtually obsolete.

Handguns:

There are four basic types of handguns: 1. Single-shot pistols 2. Derringers 3. Revolvers 4. Auto-loading pistols (automatics)

1. Single-shot pistols- A single-shot pistol has one firing chamber integral with the barrel, which must be loaded manually each time the weapon is to be fired.

2. Derringers- They are a variant of single-shot pistols. Derringers are small pocket firearms having multiple barrels, each of which is loaded and fired separately. The traditional derringer has two barrels.

3. Revolvers- The revolver is the most common type of handgun in the United States. Revolvers have a revolving cylinder that contains several chambers, each of which holds one cartridge. The cylinder is rotated mechanically so as to align each chamber successively with the barrel and firing pin. The first revolver was produced by Samuel Colt in 1835–1836.