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Heavy construction equipment, such as an earthmover or excavator, relies on reliable hydraulic technology and gives maximum productivity on the job. But do you know how to prevent hydraulic failures and ensure maximum performance?

Hydraulic systems are mechanical systems used in equipment machines to enable lifting, tilting and other required functions. It works by using a transfer of force from one point to another through moving fluid. The reservoir, piston pump, valve, Actuator, and pressure regulator are 5 basic components of a hydraulic system.

In the excavator hydraulic system, a variable displacement pump is used that provides more control over the power needed for handling the load. It is the key part, as it generates the main power and moves the hydraulic fluid and pressurizes the fluid based on its ability to handle the pressure.

Step-wise process of hydraulic pump function:

·        The pump is driven by an engine or motor.

·        This mechanical input rotates the pump’s shaft.

·        As the pump shaft rotates, it creates a vacuum at the inlet port.

·        Hydraulic oil (fluid) from the reservoir/tank flows into the pump due to atmospheric pressure.

·        The rotating parts (gears, vanes, or pistons, depending on pump type) trap the hydraulic fluid.

·        The fluid is moved from the low-pressure inlet side to the high-pressure outlet side.

·        The pump pushes the pressurized fluid out into the hydraulic system circuit.

·        This fluid pressure is what powers hydraulic cylinders, motors, and valves.

·        The hydraulic fluid carries force and motion throughout the system.

·        The energy is then used for lifting, pressing, moving, or controlling machines.