And here, there is a fundamental difference between mainstream environmentalism and what I have termed 'bad environmentalism.' While, broadly speaking, both advocate for environment and animals, I must conclude that they ultimately do not share the same goals. That is, their affective and attitudinal differences are matters not merely of approach but of fundamental philosophical and political divergence. The works of Bad Environmentalism are premised on a refusal of purity politics—and, subsequently, on an embrace of contradiction, imperfection, and ambiguity—as well as an opposition to antiprogressive modes such as racism and homophobia, modes that often go hand in hand with mainstream environmental campaigns. These works find nothing sacred—and, in fact, find sacredness to be part of the problem when it comes to environment and animals. They offer a different way to do politics, one that is both messy and pragmatic. And they thereby point to a deep and abiding ambivalence at the heart of our contemporary relationship to environment, one that many of us have been too ashamed, or too driven, or too beleaguered, to acknowledge.