#dravidian

All humans first evolved in Africa. Early hominids (the ancestors of both humans and apes) evolved in Africa. We humans and our closest relative chimpanzees had our last common ancestor 5.5 million years ago, and chimpanzees & humans had our last common ancestor with gorillas 8 million years ago. The cradle of humanity is in Africa. The Homo genus evolved from some species of Australopithecines in Africa. The earliest species of Homo genus, according to the latest scientific evidence, is Homo Habilis who lived around 2 million years ago. There were several hominin species living in Africa. These species were human-like, but not humans simply because they weren't our ancestors directly, but the cousins of our ancestors. All of those cousins and their offspring went extinct in Africa, or perhaps mixed with the Homo Sapiens, our lineage. The hominins that had migrated to Eurasia evolved into the Neanderthals, Denisovans, etc. and new fossil discoveries will further illuminate the history of the migration of hominins in the span of over a million years. The Homo sapiens, that is the ancestor of all humans today, migrated out of Africa around 50,000 years ago and encountered strange looking creatures in Eurasia, who resembled them but weren't quite like them. They competed for the same resources, likely had conflicts, and there's evidence of Neanderthals mating with Sapiens. The last "pure" Neanderthals went extinct 40,000 years ago.

As you can see, all hominins migrated from Africa to Eurasia. Paleolithic hominin species, including humans, in the Indian subcontinent either intermixed or went extinct, but humans kept migrating to the subcontinent. Mesolithic hunter-gatherers migrated to India. Neolithic farmers from the Zagros mountains migrated to India. The Bronze Age tribes migrated to India. They all also migrated to and from the subcontinent.

If you're asking whether Vedic people were native to India or if they were migrators or invaders, then it depends purely on your world view and the ideology you possess at the moment. We have established in the previous paragraphs that all humans migrated out of Africa to Eurasia. This means that no human is native to the Indian subcontinent. If your follow-up question is that which tribe was the first to migrate to India, then that too is hard to tell because the very first tribes may have already gone extinct or just simply mixed with the newcomers. If you're still wondering whether an Austro-Asiatic tribe, "Dravidian" tribe or a Vedic tribe migrated earlier to the Indian subcontinent, then you'll find a bunch of highly politicised search results online. In the Indian Republic, it's, quite frankly, forbidden to tell the truth because the "Dravidian nationalists", "Indian secularists" and "Hindu nationalists" all appeal to pseudoscience and made-up origin myths for polarisation and vote bank politics. Especially in the "Dravidianist" separatist political landscape, archaeological excavations spark unreal controversy. Many archeological surveys in India are sealed from the public domain for this very reason.

I ask you, are you ready to see the uproar if anyone talked publicly about how austro-asiatic tribes migrated later to the Indian subcontinent than the Vedic tribes did? This would open up the question that how legitimate is the "Adivasi" term or the "Scheduled Tribe" category in the Indian affirmative action system. Are you ready to go tell a "Dravidianist" that his ancestors were neolithic farmers from the Zagros mountains?

If your intention of this question was to ask how native the Vedic tribes are to India, then all you need to do is read what kind of flora and fauna are mentioned in the Rigveda. Here's a mention of Ficus Religiosa (asvattha, peepal) in the Rigveda 1.164.20. And in this Rigvedic verse, Agni is compared to a bull of the Bos Indicus species, which is native to India. There's no peepal or humped back cows in the steppes of Ukraine!

By the way, the term Aryan was made up in the 19th century by European eugenicists. It has nothing to do with the word arya, which has a very specific definition and it does not allude to race. For example, the victorious Vedic tribes called fellow Vedic tribes, who were defeated in dasarajna yuddha (the battle of 10 kings), as anarya.

Karuppuswamy - கருப்பசாமி - संगानी बाबा

Unlike most familial words, the term 'mother ' has echoed across human societies for at least 15,000 years, dating back to a time when glaciers covered much of the Earth and woolly mammoths roamed freely.

Linguists recently traced the origins of ancient words shared across diverse languages like Uralic, Dravidian, and Inuit-Yupik.

In their research, they uncovered 23 "ultraconserved" words, linguistic relics that have barely changed over millennia.

Among these enduring words is 'mother.'

This can be traced back to their vital role in early human communities, where women stayed in the camps to care for the children while the men ventured into the wilderness in search of food.

While it may not shock us that the word 'mother' survived the passage of time, its place alongside other primal words like 'fire' and 'worm' speaks volumes.

It underscores how deeply ingrained the concept of motherhood is in our collective human experience.