What causes BPD?
A lot of us have been told again and again that BPD is caused by childhood trauma. For a long time that was the mainstream opinion, and it can cause a lot of confusion for those of us who don't have any trauma to point to. The truth is, BPD is a set of unhealthy reactions we develop as a result of multiple factors.
The biosocial theory states that our emotion regulation issues stem from a combination of biological factors and an invalidating environment.
What does biology have to do with it? Well, the brain functions differently for different people, including being structured differently. A history of family mental health issues can point back to biological predisposition. Generational trauma can also impact BPD, not just through how our parents act- studies into epigenetics and fetal development have shown that trauma that occurs to a mother can change the way her children develop. People may also experience other conditions that impact their emotional regulation. Chronic pain lowers our ability to cope with emotion. Stunted social development or social anxiety in childhood can lead to worse emotional regulation.
Environment factors are less about trauma and more about invalidation. If our emotions are downplayed or ridiculed in childhood, or if our emotions are neglected and we are only taken seriously when we have big outbursts, we won't learn the skills necessary to cope with our more extreme emotions. Obviously, physical, emotional, and sexual abuse are a massive source of invalidation, especially if they occur in the home. However, of all types of abuse, emotional neglect has the biggest correlation with BPD symptoms.
Why is this important to know?
BPD doesn't exist in a vaccuum- we can point to specific causes for unhealthy patterns of behaviour. Knowing those causes empowers us to change them! While your reactions might feel set in stone, they are only there because you are used to performing them over and over again, often dating back as far as you can remember. Once we know why we feel the way we do, we have a valuable new tool in our toolset!


















