I know there are a lot of nuances and differences between Sami survival parenting, gentle parenting, and Montessori parenting, but through my (very limited) research of all three, I find they all boil down to a few similar core tenants across the board.
Number 1: Treat your children like people. Not like people-in-training, people now. This doesn't mean treating them like an adult, it just means treating them as if their feelings, ideas, and choices matter. They may not have as much experience as an adult, but they deserve to be respected like one, for example, given an apology when you mess up as a parent, and an equal say in household matters. The idea is that doing this will improve a child's self-esteem, help them vocalize their needs and wants, set healthy boundaries, and express themselves, as well as teaching them to respect others through example.
Number 2: Let children learn by doing, not just by watching or listening to you. Supervise them, obviously, give them guidance if needed, and step in if you need to in order to prevent them from getting hurt, but letting them do things themselves helps in many areas. Motor function, hand-eye coordination, self-esteem, and emotional resilience, as well as helping them prepare for independent life as they get older.
Number 3: Flexibility and compromise. This is embodied in different ways and to different degrees across the three parenting styles, but the idea is still present in all three. There do need to be certain hard rules, but by displaying flexibility, you teach your child to be flexible, and how to cope with change. By showing them a willingness to compromise, you teach them what compromise is and how to compromise with their peers, helping them develop socially. By allowing them flexibility and choice specifically regarding what and when they eat, you help them develop a healthy relationship with food and body, as well as interoception, the skill of reading your body's signals and gleaning what it needs from them.
Number 4: Avoid punishments for unwise choices. If a child is about to make an unwise choice, warn them of the natural consequences, and if they don't listen, let them learn the hard way. Obviously don't do this if the consequences are severe injury, illness, or worse, but if you try to prevent your child from ever making a bad decision, you'll weaken their confidence in themselves, and their ability to think through the consequences of their decisions before they make them. They won't understand the reasons behind you not letting them watch a scary movie right before bed or eat chocolate cake and nothing else for dinner until years later, and for those couple of years, it'll be on the same level of importance as 'no elbows on the table' and 'always stand for the pledge of allegiance'.
Conclusion? I think a lot of people from across the world have found that if you stick to these principles while interacting with children, those children will generally be happier and more self-sufficient as a result, and the idea that any of this is new, untested, experimental, etc, or that the more mainstream, more authoritarian mode of parenting is somehow normal or 'the only thing that could ever work' is blatantly ridiculous. It's even more ridiculous that those sentiments are treated like they're common sense.
