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Told this to my partner and she was immediately like:

Do you know about X-ray fluorescence spectrometry? If not, here’s 3 discoveries by the technology that might pique your interest.

1.       King Tut’s dagger was made from a meteorite

Just like the heroes in ancient epic tales, the young pharaoh carried a ceremonial iron dagger that was 11 percent nickel. The Ni concentration of this sample was determined by X-ray fluorescence (without harming it) and is reflective of the nickel content in meteorites. Since this predates the Iron Age in Egypt, this material would have been immensely valuable.

2.       Which metals were present in T-rex blood vessels

This was part of a larger project to determine how dinosaur blood vessels have preserved in fossils. XRF was just one of many technologies utilized.

3.       Precise strokes in Johannes Vermeer’s "Girl with a Pearl Earring"

Painted back in 1665 and capturing the attention of many ever since, this piece of art was just analyzed via X-ray fluorescence this week. This examination yielded many new insights, including the now-invisible eyelashes painted by the artist and the use of lapis-lazuli, which at the time would have been more precious than gold.

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Dịch vụ được thực hiện nhằm:

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Foto archivio ASSEMBLEA DEGLI AZIONISTI DI ASTM Approvato il Bilancio di Esercizio 2025 Approvata la distribuzione di un dividendo complessivo di €75,4 milioni Nominati due amministratori Nominato il nuovo Collegio Sindacale Tortona, 23 aprile 2026. Si è svolta in data odierna l’Assemblea degli Azionisti di ASTM S.p.A., tra i principali player infrastrutturali a livello internazionale…

ASTM A671 is a standard that the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has published. It defines the requirements for electric fusion-welded carbon steel pipes for pressure service at atmospheric and lower temperatures. The standard has become the main reference in the manufacturing of pipes used in petrochemical, power plant and heat exchanger industries. Typically, pipes covered under ASTM A671 Pipe are produced using pressure vessel quality plates that comply with ASTM A or B series specifications. Such materials offer enough toughness and strength during both welding and service phases. Safety, cost-effectiveness and reliability over the long term are the main factors that ASTM A671 Pipe ensure. Golden Steel Material is a leading supplier of A671 Pipe Material in Saudi Arabia. Actually, the company is recognized as the No. 1 ASTM A671 Pipe Stockist in Saudi Arabia. They have a large stock of A671 CC65 CL22/CL11, CC60 CL11/ CL22 carbon steel EFW pipes of various sizes in Al Jubail, KSA.

Selecting the right fasteners is critical for industries like oil & gas, petrochemical, and power plants where safety and reliability are essential. When purchasing ASTM A194 Grade 7M Nuts, buyers should carefully verify several technical and quality factors to ensure the product meets project requirements.

Key Things Buyers Should Check:

🔹 Material Certification (MTC) Always request a Mill Test Certificate (EN 10204 3.1) to verify the chemical composition, mechanical properties, and compliance with ASTM standards.

🔹 Hardness Requirements ASTM A194 7M nuts have controlled hardness limits compared to standard Grade 7 nuts. Proper hardness ensures performance in low-temperature and high-pressure applications.

🔹 Impact Testing For many critical applications, especially in oil & gas pipelines and LNG projects, Charpy impact testing is required to ensure toughness at low temperatures.

🔹 Heat Treatment Process Verify that the nuts are properly quenched and tempered, which enhances strength, durability, and resistance to failure under stress.

🔹 Dimensional Standards Check if the nuts comply with ASME B18.2.2 heavy hex nut dimensions to ensure proper fit with high-strength bolts.

🔹 Surface Finish & Coating Confirm the required finish such as black, zinc plated, PTFE coated, or hot dip galvanized, depending on corrosion resistance needs.

🔹 Traceability & Marking Each nut should have proper grade marking and traceability to maintain quality assurance for industrial projects.