#aramea

The Anthropological Masterlist is HERE.

Mesopotamia was a historical West Asian region. It included the Tigris-Euphrates rivers and modern-day Iraq. It is the region where the earliest civilizations developed.

AKKAD ─ “The Akkadian people are a Mesopotamian people that lived from 2334 B.C.E. to 2154 B.C.E. They lived in Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Anatolia.” ─ The Atra-Hasis ─ Akkadian Language

BABYLONIA ─ “The Babylonians were a Mesopotamian people that lived from 1895 B.C.E. to 539 B.C.E. They lived in southern Mesopotamia, in modern-day Syria.” ─ Babylonian Information ─ Babylonian Astrology ─ Babylonian History

MESOPOTAMIA ─ “Mesopotamia was a historical West Asian region. It included the Tigris-Euphrates rivers and modern-day Iraq.” ─ Mesopotamian Culture & History ─ The Epic of Gilgamesh ─ Enuma Elish

SUMER ─ “The Sumerian people were a Mesopotamian people that lived from 4500 B.C.E. to 1900 B.C.E. They lived in modern-day southern Iraq.” ─ Mesopotamian Mythology ─ Sumerian History ─ Sumerian Language

Semitic languages are the languages that descended from Proto-Semitic. Most Semitic-speaking cultures are native to the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, and the adjacent areas. The earliest Semitic language, Akkadian, originated in Mesopotamia.

AKSUM ─ “The King of Aksum, or Axum, was a Semitic civilization that lived from the 1st century C.E. to 960 C.E. They lived in modern-day Ethiopia.” ─ Aksum Information ─ Aksum History

AMMONITE ─ “The Ammonites were a Semitic people that lived from the 10th century B.C.E. to 332 B.C.E. They lived in modern-day Jordan.” ─ Ammonite Information ─ Ammonite Culture ─ Ammonite Language

ARAMEA ─ “The Arameans were a Semitic people that lived from 11th century B.C.E. to the 8th century B.C.E. They lived in modern-day Syria.” ─ Aramean Information ─ Aramean History ─ Aramaic Languages

CANAAN ─ “The Canaan civilization was a Semitic civilization that lived from the 16th century B.C.E. to the 7th century B.C.E. They lived in modern-day Palestine, Lebanon, and Syria.” ─ Canaanite Culture ─ Canaanite Religion ─ Canaanites in the Bible

CHALDEA ─ “The Chaldeans were a Semitic people that lived from the 10th century B.C.E. to the 6th century B.C.E. They were native to southeast Mesopotamia.” ─ Chaldea Information ─ Chaldeans in Greek and Biblical Perception

EDOMITE ─ “The Edomites were a Semitic people that lived from the 13th century B.C.E. to 125 B.C.E. They lived in present-day Jordan.” ─ Edomite Information ─ Edomite Culture ─ Edomite Religion

Figures (Gods?) Standing on Bulls and Lions Late Hittite Tell Halaf, Syria c. 900 BCE

Housed in the Syria-Aleppo Museum

Statue of Aramean King Hadad-Adyisi of Gozana Sikan (Tell Fakhariyeh, Syria) c. 850 CE Current location: National Museum of Damascus Source: Syrie. Mémoire et Civilisation. Institut du Monde Arabe, Paris, Flammarion, 1993, p. 260, n o 225. "In northeastern Syria in 1979, a farmer discovered a life-size basalt statue while he was plowing his field near Tell Fakhariyeh, ancient Sikan, on the shores of the Habur River. It was identified as a statue of the governor of Gozan named Had-Yith’i. There is a bilingual inscription in Akkadian and Aramaic. On the front of his skirt are 38 lines of Assyrian cuneiform, and on his back are 23 lines of alphabetic Aramaic. The Aramaic script has a surprisingly archaic appearance, but the artistic style and the appearance of the cuneiform signs, date to about mid-ninth century BCE. The writing presents the oldest known Aramaic inscription of substantial length. It also shows the Assyrian domination of the Habur Valley in this period. The text commemorates the installation of the statue of Had-Yith’i in the temple of the god Hadad of Sikan.

The dedication is presented twice, in both the Akkadian and Aramaic versions. In the Aramaic text, the first dedication reads:

Reliefs of Gazelle/Goat, a Deity (Kumarbi? Dagan?), and a Stag

Reliefs of a Male Harpy, Merman, and Winged Antelope

Reliefs of a Winged Lion-Headed Man (Demon?) and a Griffin

Late Hittite

Tell Halaf, Syria

c. 900 BCE

Housed in the Pergamon Museum, Berlin

Seated figure with lotus flower and two bull-men holding winged Sun Aramean Stele Syria, Tell Halaf c. 900 BCE Met Museum #43.135.1 "This slab is carved on two sides. On the front, a bearded male figure holding a lotus blossom is shown seated before two bullmen supporting a winged sun disk. On the side, a beardless male figure stands with a mace raised in his hand.

This slab is one of many excavated at Tell Halaf, the ancient Aramaean site of Guzana, bearing images of fantastic creatures, hunting scenes, and ceremonial banquets. Carved in the late tenth or ninth century B.C., before the Assyrian conquests of the region, the reliefs appear to have embellished an earlier building and then been reused on the walls of the palace of King Kapara. This building was a special local form known as a bit hilani, composed of two parallel long rooms, one of which had a pillared entrance."

Various Reliefs from Tel Hallaf, Syria c. 900 BCE

Housed in the Syria-Aleppo Museum