#arabicgrammar

Task Related Vocabulary

يمين right

يسار left

على طول straight

بجانب next to

اشارة المرور traffic light

علامة مرورية traffic sign

سوق market

مدرسة school

مركز شرطة police station

مسجد mosque

مستشفى hospital

تقاطع intersection

Grammar Note in MSA, The Preposition على

The Arabic preposition على is versatile and has many meanings when translated into English. Depending on the context it can mean on as in on the ground or on the left, along as in along the road, or upon as in blessings upon you.

البناية على اليمين

the building on the right, the building is on the right

إذهب على طول

go along lengthwise, go straight

This preposition (على) is also used with this conjunction (أن) to express duty or obligation.

عليك أن تفعل العملية

on you that you do the operation, you must do the operation

على الجيش أن يحمي الشعب

on the army that he protects the people, the army must protect the people

The preposition is also used in an essential Islamic greeting. In this context, in means upon.

السلام عليكم

Task Related Vocabulary

صباح morning

يوم day

ساعة hour

وربع quarter past

غروب الشمش sunset

ليل/ليلة night

ونصف half past

مساء evening

دقائق minutes

ساعة يدوية watch

شروق الشمش sunrise

Grammar Note in MSA, The Definite Article

Arabic lacks indefinite articles like the english a or an, therefore the definite article ال, which means the is especially important.

In this first example, attaching the definite article to the word that means day, يوم, changes its meaning to today.

عندي موعد اليوم

I have appointment the day, I have an appointment today

In the second example, attaching the definite article to the word that means night, ليلة, changes its meaning to tonight.

عندي اجتماع الليلة

I have meeting the night, I have a meeting tonight

The definite article is also important when telling time. Instead of saying six o’clock, in Arabic we say in the sixth hour.

غروب الشمش في الساعة السادسة

setting the sun in the hour the sixth, the sunset is at six o’clock

الموعد في الساعة الثانية

the appointment in the hour the second, the appointment is at two o’clock

The definite article can also be attached to an adjective to specify the noun. But this slightly alters the sentence’s meaning. Look at this comparison.

الرجل طويل ولطيف

the man long and kind, the man is tall and kind

الرجل الطويل لطيف

the man the long kind, the tall man is kind

الرجل الطويل اللطيف مريض

_لباس lebass ملابس = Malaabis. = Clothes   _Shirt; قميص = QamiiS , (pl.) قمصان QumSaan.   _Sleeve; كُم = Kumm , (pl.) أكمام Akmaam.   _Blouse; بلوزة = Baluzzah , (pl.) بلوزات Baluuzaat.   _Coat; معطف = Mi’aTaf , (PL.) معاطف Ma’aaTif.   _Jacket; سترة = Sutrah , (pl.) سُتر Sutar.   _Pants; سروال = Serwal , (pl.) سراويل   _Skirt; تنورة tannurah Pl) تنانير Tananiir.   _Dress; فستان = Fustan , (pl.) فساتين Fasaatiin.   _Suit; بذلة = Bathlah , (pl.) بذل Bithal.   _Shoe; حذاء = Hithaa’ , (pl.) أحذية AHthiyah.   _Boot: جزمة = Gazzmah (pl.) جزم Gizam.   _Sock; جورب = Jawrab , (pl.) جوارب Jawaarib

Arabic Vocabulary for Shopping  :) One of the best ways to explore another country is to go shopping. Whether you're shopping for clothes, food, or souvenirs, you can use the following phrases in any Arabic-speaking country to help you find just the right thing. There are some fabulous deals to be found in the Middle East. In most Arabic-speaking countries, there are street markets (called souqs سوق ) where you can buy anything from fruits and vegetables to antiques and collectibles. If you need more specific grocery items, you want to visit a Baqqaal بقال (grocery store). Bargaining in these marketplaces is one of the great cultural activities in the Arab world and one of the best opportunities for a visitor to practice speaking. Good-natured haggling is expected in the street markets (but not in fixed-price stores). Expect the salesperson to start at twice the expected price or higher. The following words can be used in a variety of shopping situations. baa'i' (salesperson) بائع thaman, si'r (price) ثمن, سعر ghaal (expensive) ٍغال rakhiiS (cheap) رخيص maqbuul (acceptable) مقبول ghayr maqbuul (unacceptable) غير مقبول tanziilaat (sale [discount]) تنزيلات sajjaada (rug) سجادة nuHaas (brass) نحاس Sunduuq (box) صندوق ibriiq (coffee urn) إبريق finjaan (cup) فنجان 'iTr (perfume) عطر Hariir (silk) حرير jild (leather) جلد The following phrases will be useful no matter what kind of shopping you plan on doing. bikam? (How much?) بكَم ؟ haadhaa ghaalii. (That is expensive.) هذا غالي haadhaa thaman jayyid. (That is a good price.) هذا ثمن جيد uriid haadhaa. (I want this (one).) أريد هذا uriid an ashtarii . . . (I want to buy . . .) أريد أن أشتري uriid an adfa' bishiik. (I want to pay by check. أريد أن أدفع بشيك hal yumkinnii an ashtarii . . . hunaa? (May I buy . . . here?) هل يمكنني أن أشتري.... هنا ؟ hal anta tabii' . . . ? (Do you sell . . . ?) هل أنت تبيع ؟ uriid shay'an arkhaS, min faDlik. (I want something less expensive, please.) أريد شيئاً أرخص من فضلك ufaDDil haadhaa. (I prefer this [one].) أفضل هذا haadhaa si'r maqbuul. (That price is acceptable.) هذا سعر مقبول sa'dfa' . . . (I will pay . . .) سأدفع laa uriid an adfa' akthar min . . . (I don't want to pay more than . . .) لا أريد أن أدفع أكثر من ....

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Rooms of the house ________________ غرفة الجلوس (ghurfat ul jaloos) sitting room غرفة الاستقبال (ghurfat ul istiqbaal) reception room غرفة الطعام (ghurfat uT Ta3aam) dining room المطبخ (al matbakh) kitchen الحمام (alHamaam) bathroom غرفة النوم (ghurfat un nawm) bedroom الكراج (al kiraaj) garage الحديقة (alhadeeqa) garden